Ninja in popular culture

The ninja are common stock characters in both Japanese and international popular culture. The cultural references listed below are major instances separated into groups, such as novels, comic books, anime/manga, films, television shows, video games, and others.

Contents

Overview

Depictions of ninja range anywhere between realistic to fantastically exaggerated, both fundamentally and aesthetically. In stylized form, a ninja wears a dark hood, or mask, and can move in a stealthy or secretive manner. Ninja are also often a subject of parody.

Ninja were a long-popular theme in Japanese folklore, jidaigeki literature and performing arts. For example, Ishikawa Goemon was the subject of many kabuki plays and Sarutobi Sasuke has featured in many Japanese children's stories since 1911. Koga Unôn Ninjutsu Kogaryû, a silent film from 1916[1] was possibly the first ninja movie. Ninja-based films and books became a major Japanese pop-culture craze during the 1950s and early 1960s, since then expanding into numerous comic books and video games. In Japan, the word shinobi and its variants are often used instead of "ninja".

The first major appearance of ninja in Western pop-culture was in the James Bond film You Only Live Twice (1967), as a secret commando force used by the Japanese intelligence service. The 1960s TV series The Samurai caused a significant wave of interest in ninja among younger viewers in Australia, but the impact of the ninja phenomenon was not felt in other western countries until considerably later. Western fascination with the ninja bloomed in the 1980s, especially in the United States. Several American ninja movies starring Sho Kosugi were released in the early 1980s, largely responsible for introducing ninja to American pop culture and contributing to worldwide ninja-mania on grand scale. These included megahit media franchises such as the cartoon TV series Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles in the late 1980s to early 1990s and Naruto in the 2000s.[2]

Ninja characters are often identified by their use of traditional blade and ranged weapons in modern and even science fiction settings, as well as numerous superhuman abilities (such as running on water and up walls). Though depicted as nearly-invincible warriors (especially when they are the heroes of the story), they are often conversely depicted as disposable 'cannon fodder' to be dispatched by the hero character, especially one who's a ninja himself. Thus, modern entertainment has shown ninja as either expendable "redshirts" attacking in large numbers, or as nearly invulnerable solitary warriors (who are often unmasked in contrast). In effect of this common approach, a single/small group of protagonist ninja may often easily defeat waves of incompetent enemy ninja on multiple occasions only to have far more trouble when facing a more competent lone ninja - this seemingly inconsistent portrayal is jokingly explained using the sarcastic "Inverse Ninja Law" (also called "conservation of ninjutsu"[3]), which states that ninja are weaker when they are in larger groups.

As far back as the late 19th century, erotic art was made using the ninja theme. Japanese ninja literature and cinema still contain a powerful element of eroticism, including some pornography, often focusing on kunoichi (ninja women).

According to Glenn Morris, ninjutsu in Western popular media has been incorrectly associated with the image of an "unemotional, heartless assassin". This would be due to the influence of Ashida Kim, Frank Dux, and Eric van Lustbader.[4] According to The Guardian, "in Japan, ninjas are now something of a national myth, a slightly cartoonish composite of old folk tales and modern pop culture."[5]

In literature

Novels

Ninja characters also have minor roles in Shōgun, Thief of Time, Vineland,[9] Young Samurai: The Way of the Warrior, among others.

In comic books

Major franchises

Characters with the sort of mystical and superhuman martial arts abilities attributed to the ninja occur in the DC Universe. One character who is portrayed in a fashion similar to a ninja is master martial artist and assassin Lady Shiva; Shiva also killed Armless Master, who had trained both Catwoman and Hellhound. The fourth recent Batgirl, Cassandra Cain, also has the qualities of the Western perception of a ninja (there is also a book titled Batman and the Ninja). The retconned stealth and martial arts training of the recent Batman incarnations has led many latter day Batman fans to assume that Batman is a ninja; Ra's Al Ghul specifically mentions ninja during his training of Bruce Wayne.

The G.I. Joe of comic books featured ninja far more than the cartoon series, and many story arcs revolved around Scarlett, Snake Eyes, Storm Shadow, Jinx, Kamakura, Firefly and the Arashikage ninja clan, which consisted of an extended family of ninja characters (never featured in the toyline or cartoon).[10] Other characters in the comic who received ninja training from the Arashikage clan and their associates were Cobra Commander's son Billy Kessler and the shapeshifter Zartan.

In the Marvel Universe, ninja have been often featured as exotic antagonists and allies, such as Spider-Man's foe White Ninja,[11] X-Men supporting character Yukio, Ghost Rider's foes Deathwatch and Death Ninja,[12] Wolverine's mentor Ogun, Hawkeye (currently operating as Ninja Ronin), the Punisher's friend Katherine Yakamoto (from Shadowmasters),[13] the Pacific Overlords operative Kuroko (Aya Komatsu),[14] and the original owner of Psylocke's Asian body, Revanche (Kwannon). In the Marvel Mangaverse, Spider-Man is the last member of a clan of ninja. A sinister ninja cult called The Hand, is prominently featured in several comic series, particularly X-Men and Daredevil. The Hand and their associates were responsible for the martial training of Psylocke, Elektra, Daredevil, Black Tarantula, Kitty Pryde, Lady Bullseye and Wolverine, among others. The Hand's good rival group are The Chaste; they are also at odds with their Korean offshoot True Believers[15] that include Dragonfly (Meiko Yin).[16]

In the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (TMNT) series, all four main characters and many of their friends and foes are ninja, mostly from the Foot Clan (a pastiche of Marvel's group The Hand), including Donatello, Leonardo, Michelangelo, Raphael, Splinter, Shredder and Karai. The comic achieved a massive popularity in the 1980s and early 1990s, which resulted in a franchise of four movies (three live-action and one animated), four animated series, a live action series, several video games, and a wide range of toys and other merchandise.

Other comics

Less notable and/or short-lived titles include Codename: Ninja,[20] Corporate Ninja,[21] Savage Ninja,[22] Surban Jersey Ninja She-Devils[23] and Zombee.[24]

Minor roles

Chastity, G.I. Combat (Kana[25]), Karate Kommandos,[26] Lucha Libre (the Pom Pom Ninjas),[27] Masters of the Universe (Ninjor),[28] Rebirth (the hero's ally Eiji Inaba),[29] Sam Noir (villains of the series),[30] Scott Pilgrim (Roxanne "Roxie" Richter),[31] Spike: Shadow Puppets, Sonic the Hedgehog (Uma Arachnis[32] and the Arachne[33]), The Order of the Stick (Therkla and others), The Tick (Oedipus),[34] Usagi Yojimbo (features various ninja of the Neko,[35] Mogura and Komori clans, notably Kashira Chizu[36]), Y: The Last Man (Toyota[37]).

In anime and manga

Main roles

Minor roles

In film (separate article)

Main article: List of ninja films

"Super Ninja" was also the stage name of the actor and stuntsman Taimak.

In television

Main roles

Animated series
Live-action series
Super Sentai series

There are several ninja-themed Super Sentai shows:

There are also many ninja villains in the various series, such as Negative Syndicate's Dark Shadow clan in GoGo Sentai Boukenger (Gekkou, Yaiba and Shizuka), Miratrix[80] and some other of Kamdor's henchmen in Power Rangers: Operation Overdrive, Ninja Org Duke Dorodoro in Hyakujuu Sentai Gaoranger (Onikage in Power Rangers: Wild Force),[81] Dora Ninja in Kyōryū Sentai Zyuranger (Dark Warrior in Mighty Morphin Power Rangers season one),[82] Shinobilar in Denkou Choujin Gridman, and Kirikage in Mahou Sentai Magiranger.

Other television shows

Ninja Warrior (Sasuke) and Women of Ninja Warrior (Kunoichi) are two Japanese sports entertainment shows, featuring (respectively) male and female competitors on an obstacle course. In the Prank Patrol shows, "ninjas" are the show helpers setting up the pranks.

Commercials

Ninja apparead in a number of television advertisements, including for the Anime Network,[83] Bombay Sapphire,[84] Clamato,[85] FedEx,[86] Free Realms,[87] Honda Civic Si,[88] Mitsubishi UFJ Securities,[89] MyHome.ie,[90] Nicorette,[91] Nike,[92] Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection,[93] Oregon Lottery,[94] Pepsi,[95] Pop-Tarts[96] and Sure.[97][98]

Minor roles

Animated series
Live-action series

Ninja were featured in Baretta (episode "The Ninja"), Big Wolf on Campus (episode "Play It Again, Samurai"), Charmed (episode "Awakened"),[126] Chuck (the pilot episode "Chuck vs the Intersect"),[127] Criminal Minds (episode "True Night"), Danger Theatre (episode "Tropical Punch: Lethal Luau"), Dude, What Would Happen (episode "Ninja Slicing"), Knight Rider (1982 TV series) (episode "Knight of the Rising Sun"), Knight Rider (2008 TV series) (episode "Knight Fever"), Kyojuu Tokusou Juspion (The 5 Space Ninjas), Kung Fu (episode "The Assassin"), Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman (episode "Chi of Steel"),[128] Magnum P.I. (episode "The Arrow That is Not Aimed"), Mito Kōmon (Tsuge no Tobizaru and Kagerō Ogin), Mortal Kombat: Konquest (alternative versions of Kitana, Mileena, Reptile, Scorpion and Sub-Zero), Quincy, M.E. (episode "Touch of Death"), She Spies (episode "Fondles"), Shōgun (features a realistic ninja castle raid in feudal Japan), Simon & Simon (episode "Opposites Attack"), That '70s Show (episode "Jackie Moves On"), The Greatest American Hero (episode "Thirty Seconds Over Little Tokyo"), Verbotene Liebe.

Shows
American Idol (a contestant Danny Noriega is a self-proclaimed "sexy intense ninja pickle"), Big Brother Australia (the people who have to enter the house to do things such as maintenance are referred to, even by Big Brother himself, as "ninjas"; on the Friday Night Live show, the "ninjas" are much more prominent, are given personalities and have segments dedicated to them), Cheat! (episode "Cheat-jitsu"), Deadliest Warrior (in one episode a ninja fought with a Spartan, but lost), In Living Color (an episode featured a skit about a ninja home security system in which a ninja was used to kill intruders), Gamers, Late Night with Conan O'Brien (Conan and Jim Carrey fought ninja), MadTV (in some of their Steven Seagal parodies), Mystery Science Theater 3000 (an episode featured Joel and the 'bots singing a song called "Master Ninja Theme Song", which became a popular song from the show), Mythbusters (a ninja special of the show tested classic ninja myths such as walking on water, catching a sword and catching an arrow), Screen Test, The Lance Krall Show, The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson (Craig Ferguson fought ninja), You Don't Know Jack (in one episode the host was attacked by ninja).

In traditional games

The ninja are also featured in some other role-playing games, including Feng Shui,[139] Street Fighter: The Storytelling Game,[140] some collectible card games, including Legend of the Five Rings CCG, Magic: The Gathering (the ability Ninjutsu was introduced in the theme deck Betrayers of Kamigawa[141]) and Mortal Kombat Kard Game, and some miniature wargames, such as Heroscape.[142]

In video games (separate article)

Main article: List of ninja video games

Besides the large number of video games, there are also several game developing units that used the word "ninja" in their name (such as Ninja Studio, Ninja Theory, Ninjaforce, NinjaKiwi[143] and Team Ninja), a group of gamers called Ninjas in Pyjamas and a video gaming magazine character Sushi-X.

In massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs), the term "ninja" or "loot ninja" may be used as an adjective to describe a player who has stolen another players item (this is perceived negatively by the other players - if a player is labelled a "ninja" in the game they are often rejected by the community and find it difficult to join guilds or raid parties).[144] In the first-person shooter (FPS) multiplayer community, "ninja defuse" is a term meaning sneaking-up to defuse the bomb immediately after it was planted by the enemy player in a team-based deathmatch game.[145]

Other

In music

Bands and musicians

Several musicians and bands have the word ninja in their name (or even pose as ninjas):

Shadow Warriors, a joke side project formed by members of the band DragonForce, refer to their music as "evil ninja punk metal".

Albums
Songs

Bands 7 Seconds of Love, Concord Dawn (in the album Uprising), Europe (in The Final Countdown), ICP (in Tunnel of Love) and Jay Chou all have songs named "Ninja". In addition, GO!GO!7188 has a song "Kunoichi" (in Ryūzetsuran).

There are also many songs and tracks with the word "ninja" in their titles, including "Deadly Lethal Ninja Assassin" by Reuben (in We Should Have Gone To University), “Hoodie Ninja” by mc chris (in mc chris is dead), "Imaginary Ninjas" by Vince Dicola (in Falling off a Clef), "Ninja Goon" by Gruvis Malt (in Sound Soldiers), "Ninja Hi-skool" by Bis (in Play Some Real Songs: the Live Album), "We Are Ninja" by Frank Chickens (in We Are Frank Chickens), "Ninja Highschooool" by Peelander-Z (in P-Pop-High School), "Ninja Rap" by Vanilla Ice (in TMNT II Soundtrack), "Ninja Step" by RZA (in the soundtrack for Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai), "Supa Ninjaz" by Method Man (in The Pillage) and "This Secret Ninja" by AFI (in Very Proud of Ya).

Other

In sports

Wrestling

On the Internet

There have been numerous popular websites dealing with the parody of the ninja, the most well-known including:

There has also been a recent movement on the World Wide Web to celebrate International Creep Like a Ninja Day (December 5). Internet spoofs have often pitted ninja against pirates and asked which would win in a Pirates versus Ninja fight.

Miscellaneous

Iga Ueno Ninja Festa, the annual ninja festival in the Japanese city of Iga in the former province of Iga, features ninja-inspired performances, competitions, and opportunities to practice ninja skills since 1964.[152] Iga is also location of the Iga-ryu Ninja Museum and many local businesses such as ninja-style restaurants and cafes.[5]

There are also other ninja attractions across the country,[5][153][154] such as the Koga Ninja Village[155] and Kogaryu Ninjutsu Yashiki (Ninja Houses)[156] in Koga-gun, Shiga Prefecture, Togakushi Ninja Village for Children[157] and Togakushi Ninpo Museum and Karakuri Yashiki (Ninja House)[158] in Togakushi, Nagano, Edo Wonderland[159] theme park in Nikkō, Tochigi, and Ninja Akasaka restaurant in Tokyo.[160] Outside of Japan, there is also Ninja New York restaurant in the New York City.[161]

Several products have been named after ninja:

In information technology, "cyber ninjas" are the sophisticated counter-hackers.[164] Ninja is also a name of modification of the K-Meleon web browser, and "ninja" has been used as corporate slang for a master software developer or master software troubleshooter.

There are also roller coasters named Ninja and The Ninja, and an American media company named Kunoichi.

NINJA loan is a slang name for a type of subprime loan to someone with "No Income, No Job, or Assets", and "ninja miners" are Mongolian miners that dig small unauthorised mines for gold.

Sometimes, petty criminals are nicknamed as "ninja". For example, an American burglar reported to have used a nunchaku on one of his victims was known by the media as the "Staten Island Ninja", while a former Russian soldier who engaged in robberies in Italy using a black attire and a bow was called "Russian ninja" by the media.[165] "Ninja rocks" is also a type of burglary tools.

In 2006, Miss Japan Kurara Chibana appeared in a ninja/samurai-style national costume during the Miss Universe competition.[166][167] Goth Ninja is a type of Japanese street fashion which became popular in 2009.[168]

See also

References

  1. ^ Koga unôn ninjutsu kogaryû at the Internet Movie Database
  2. ^ "FROM THE ARCHIVES - Black Belt Magazine". Blackbeltmag.com. http://www.blackbeltmag.com/archives/487. Retrieved 2010-06-30. 
  3. ^ "Conservation Of Ninjutsu - Television Tropes & Idioms". TV Tropes. http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/ConservationOfNinjutsu. Retrieved 2010-06-30. 
  4. ^ Glenn Morris (1993). Path Notes of an American Ninja Master. North Atlantic Books. ISBN 1556431570, 9781556431579. http://books.google.com/books?id=_meUf86FOJIC&lpg=PR3&dq=Morris%2C%20Glenn%20J.%20Path%20Notes%20of%20an%20American%20Ninja%20Master&client=firefox-a&hl=ca&pg=PA8#v=onepage&q=Ashida&f=false. 
  5. ^ a b c Dressed to kill: Japan's ninja festival, The Guardian, 26 February 2011
  6. ^ a b DEATHWISH with throwing stars!
  7. ^ Shinobi no mono - Oni no Hana Productions
  8. ^ Tulku, a tale of modern Ninja - Stephen K. Hayes - Google Books
  9. ^ Rereading: Vineland by Thomas Pynchon | Books | The Guardian
  10. ^ Arashikage Clan - G.I. Joe Wiki - Joepedia
  11. ^ White Ninja (Spider-Man foe)
  12. ^ Death Ninja (Ghost Rider foe)
  13. ^ Katherine Yakamoto (comic book character)
  14. ^ Aya Komatsu (Earth-616) - Marvel Comics Database
  15. ^ True Believers (Spider-Man foes)
  16. ^ Dragonfly (Meiko Yin, Spider-Man character)
  17. ^ Ninjette (comic book character)
  18. ^ Hollowpoint Ninja (comic book character)
  19. ^ WHISPER covers - Vintage Ninja
  20. ^ Codename: Ninja (Solson Publications comic book) - 1 issues
  21. ^ Corporate Ninja (Slave Labor comic book) - 2 issues
  22. ^ Savage Ninja (comic book)
  23. ^ Surban Jersey Ninja She-Devils (Marvel comic book)
  24. ^ Zombee Review - Comics Review at IGN
  25. ^ Kana (comic book character)
  26. ^ Stupid Comics
  27. ^ 589-The Pom Pom Ninjas / Muttpop Blog / Muttpop Site - muttpop
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  29. ^ Eiji Inaba (anime/manga character)
  30. ^ Sam Noir
  31. ^ Roxie Richter - Scott Pilgrim Wiki
  32. ^ Uma Arachnis - Mobius Encyclopaedia - Sonic the Hedgehog Comics
  33. ^ Arachne - Mobius Encyclopaedia - Sonic the Hedgehog Comics
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  36. ^ Usagi Yojimbo Dojo - Kashira Chizu
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  44. ^ Kurei Mori - Flame of Recca Wiki
  45. ^ Hokage - Flame of Recca Wiki - Flame of Recca Wiki
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  48. ^ Visionary character design - Vintage Ninja
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  51. ^ Samurai XXX - Mania.com
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  53. ^ Kurogane - Tsubasa Chronicle Wiki
  54. ^ WATARI press stills (Part 1) - Vintage Ninja
  55. ^ ZANPEI KUMOTORI - Vintage Ninja
  56. ^ Sayoko Shinozaki - Code Geass Wiki
  57. ^ Dinosaur King: Ninja Nightmare - YouTube (4Kids TV)
  58. ^ Ninja - Dragon Ball Wiki
  59. ^ Ninjas 忍者 - Gintama Wiki
  60. ^ Kasumi - Hyper Police - Anime Characters Database
  61. ^ The Ninja - Kinnikuman Wiki
  62. ^ Ninja Binge - Kirby Wiki
  63. ^ Planetes Vol. #2 - Mania.com
  64. ^ Konatsu - Ranma Wiki
  65. ^ Sasuke Sarugakure - Ranma Wiki
  66. ^ Shirokuro - Ranma Wiki
  67. ^ Oniwabandana - WikiMoon
  68. ^ E-91 Lady Ninja - Sonic News Network, the Sonic Wiki
  69. ^ Espio the Chameleon - Sonic News Network, the Sonic Wiki
  70. ^ Sword for Truth - kidfenris.com
  71. ^ Volfogg - GaoGaiGar-Betterman Wiki
  72. ^ THEM Anime Reviews 4.0 - Tower of Etruria
  73. ^ Team Masho - Yu Yu Hakusho Wiki
  74. ^ ninja ex
  75. ^ Judy Ongg as KAGERO - Vintage Ninja
  76. ^ Igadevil's Kamen Rider Page: Ishinomori Week: Henshin Ninja Arashi
  77. ^ Majin Hunter Mitsurugi - Vintage Ninja
  78. ^ Variety Reviews - Samurai Girl
  79. ^ Ninjor - The Morphing Grid: A Power Rangers Wiki
  80. ^ Miratrix - The Morphing Grid: A Power Rangers Wiki
  81. ^ Onikage - The Morphing Grid: A Power Rangers Wiki
  82. ^ Dark Warrior - The Morphing Grid: A Power Rangers Wiki
  83. ^ Funny Ninja Commercial - YouTube
  84. ^ Ninja Commercial - Bombay Sapphire - YouTube
  85. ^ Motts Clamato Commercial - Ninjas (kung foo fighting) - YouTube
  86. ^ Funny FedEx Commercial - Bear, hunter, ninja - YouTube
  87. ^ Free Realms Ninja Prank Commercial - YouTube
  88. ^ 2012 Honda Civic Ninja Commercial from JL Freed Honda - YouTube
  89. ^ Pub UFJ Tsubasa Securities Ninja - YouTube
  90. ^ Ninja Nuns - YouTube
  91. ^ Nicorette Ad Ninjas - YouTube
  92. ^ Nike Ninja Commercial
  93. ^ Nintendo WiFi Ninja Commercial - YouTube
  94. ^ Oregon State Lotto Sudoku Ninja Commercial - YouTube
  95. ^ Pepsi ninjas - YouTube
  96. ^ Pop Tarts Ninja - YouTube
  97. ^ Sure Ninja - YouTube
  98. ^ Sure Ninjas - YouTube
  99. ^ Huntsman - The American Dragon: Jake Long wiki
  100. ^ Rose - The American Dragon: Jake Long wiki
  101. ^ Curaré - Batman Wiki
  102. ^ Curare - The Silent Killers of Film and TV - UGO.com
  103. ^ Bios - Kyodai Ken | The World's Finest - Batman: The Animated Series
  104. ^ Kyodai Ken - DCAU Wiki
  105. ^ Chop Socky Chooks - Characters
  106. ^ Teen Ninjas - KND Code Module - Codename Kids Next Door on Cartoon Network<
  107. ^ Shadow Walkers - ConanTheAdventurer.com
  108. ^ Bertrand - Danny Phantom Wiki
  109. ^ Falcomon (Data Squad) - Digimon Wiki
  110. ^ Generic Tree Ninjas - Happy Tree Friends Wiki
  111. ^ Shadowkhan - Jackie Chan Adventures Wiki
  112. ^ Yamanouchi Ninja School - Kim Possible Wiki
  113. ^ Ninja Handyman - PLANET SKETCH
  114. ^ Brandon the Ninja - Robot Chicken Wiki
  115. ^ Ninja Stars - Robot Chicken Wiki
  116. ^ "Samurai Jack" Samurai Versus Ninja (TV episode 2003) - IMDb
  117. ^ Stroker and Hoop : Ninja Worrier - Adult Swim Gold Episodes
  118. ^ Obsession - DCAU Wiki Episode Summaries
  119. ^ Sneaky Lying Cheating Giant Ninja Koopas - Super Mario Wiki, the Mario encyclopedia
  120. ^ Episode Summaries
  121. ^ Sing - Zelda Wiki
  122. ^ Night of the Zinja - QuestFan
  123. ^ Greatshot - Transformers Wiki
  124. ^ Nightbird (G1) - Transformers Wiki
  125. ^ Otaku Senzuri - The Venture Bros Wiki - The People's Republic of Venture
  126. ^ Awakened - Charmed Wiki
  127. ^ Chuck vs the Intersect - Chuck Wiki - Chuck Wiki
  128. ^ Episode 211: Chi of Steel - Superman Wiki
  129. ^ Secret of the Ninja
  130. ^ Return of the Ninja
  131. ^ The Lost Ninja
  132. ^ Ninja Cyborg
  133. ^ Ninja Avenger
  134. ^ Legend of the Five Rings -- Roleplaying Game - Products
  135. ^ Test of the Ninja
  136. ^ Palladium Books Store Rifts® World Book 8: Japan
  137. ^ OgreCave.com - Reviews - Shinobi: Shadows of Nihon
  138. ^ World on Fire | Crafty Games
  139. ^ Iron & Silk - Atlas Games: Charting New Realms of Imagination
  140. ^ Review of Street Fighter: The Storytelling Game - RPGnet
  141. ^ Betrayers of Kamigawa Theme Deck - Ninjutsu
  142. ^ Heroscape - Search Results
  143. ^ Free Online Games - Ninja Kiwi
  144. ^ Urban Dictionary: loot ninja
  145. ^ Urban Dictionary: Ninja Defuse
  146. ^ BBC - Chart Blog: Die Antwoord - 'Enter The Ninja'
  147. ^ "ninjette". Urban Dictionary. http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=ninjette. Retrieved 2010-06-30. 
  148. ^ Sophie Freeman (2009-12-10). "Cheryl Cole prepares for Saturday's X Factor fight with Ninja routine on TV special | Mail Online". London: Dailymail.co.uk. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-1234671/Cheryl-Cole-prepares-Saturdays-X-Factor-fight-Ninja-routine-TV-special.html. Retrieved 2010-06-30. 
  149. ^ 伊賀フットボールクラブ くノ一 (Japanese)
  150. ^ Julian Cram. "dbmagazine au dv ivNinjaChops". dBmagazine.com.au. http://www.dbmagazine.com.au/364/dv-ivNinjaChops.shtml. Retrieved 2010-06-30. 
  151. ^ WWE 2008 Cyber Sunday Halloween Costume Contest Results
  152. ^ Kim Kyung Hoon (2008-04-08). "Japan village exposes secret world of ninja fighters | World | Reuters". Reuters. http://uk.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUKT11889720080408?feedType=RSS&feedName=worldNews. Retrieved 2010-06-30. 
  153. ^ Guide to Japanese Ninja attractions - Japan Travel Guide
  154. ^ Touring Famous Ninja Villages - Travel - Kids Web Japan - Web Japan
  155. ^ 甲賀の里 忍術村 (Japanese)
  156. ^ 甲賀流忍術屋敷 公式ホームページ (Japanese)
  157. ^ チビッ子忍者村ｰ信州戸隠 そばと忍者の里　 | 信州戸隠・子供から大人まで楽しめる忍者アミューズメントパーク (Japanese)
  158. ^ 戸隠民俗館・からくり屋敷・忍法 (Japanese)
  159. ^ EDO WONDERLAND 日光江戸村 (Japanese)
  160. ^ NINJA AKASAKA (Japanese)
  161. ^ NINJA NEW YORK Restaurant, Finest Japanese Cuisine
  162. ^ 株式会社 東ハト／商品カタログ／ふわ丸 (Japanese)
  163. ^ Ninja®: Kitchen Products for Every Culinary Conquest | Official Site
  164. ^ Drew, Christopher (2009-12-29). "Cybersecurity - Wanted - 'Cyber Ninjas'". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/03/education/edlife/03cybersecurity.html. Retrieved 2010-06-30. 
  165. ^ Fraser, Christian (2007-06-12). "Europe | Russian 'ninja' arrested in Italy". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6746051.stm. Retrieved 2010-06-30. 
  166. ^ "News on Japan – Miss Universe in ninja high heels". News.3yen.com. 2006-07-19. http://news.3yen.com/2006-07-19/miss-universe-in-ninja-high-heels/. Retrieved 2010-06-30. 
  167. ^ 14 Incredibly Hot Japanese Women (You've Never Heard Of) | Gunaxin Girls
  168. ^ Betts, Kate (2009-12-08). "Goth Ninja - The Top 10 Everything of 2009". TIME. http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1945379_1944764_1944762,00.html#ixzz0psA7ImHB. Retrieved 2010-06-30. 

External links